Songwriting: My Second Lesson

Songwriting tips: Writer’s block? Get unstuck.

Following on from my last post on songwriting, I wanted to share another more songwriting tips that have really hit home over the summer:

“Write about anything, whether nothing or nonsense”

…Say what?

When I got to a certain stage in my songwriting, I always wrote about *something*. It always had meaning, no matter how trivial. The songs and their imagery always made sense, it always had a preconceived concept at the core of it. I would write lyrics like prose devoid of music to convey what I wanted to say.

My songs were… OK. So-so.

Throw away your preconceptions

A little while ago I was at a singing teacher’s training event, and I was out for dinner with other teachers. We were chatting about songwriting, sharing songwriting tips, and one of them who is an accomplished writer with many songwriting tips of their own asked us:

Have you ever written a song where you have no idea what it’s about?

I was shocked by this question and the idea behind – write a song? without knowing EXACTLY what it’s meant to be about? They then proceeded to offend my preconceptions (and ego) by saying:

Some of my best songs are songs where I’ve just written whatever comes to mind, sometimes they are about nothing, and sometimes they are complete nonsense

I have to admit, I was pretty hammered by this. I just could not get my head around writing a song where I literally have no idea what’s it about – i.e. tantamount to nonsense. It tooks weeks, months even, to even pluck up the courage to try doing this – I mean, after all, how can you write something if you don’t know what it’s about?

I’ve now tried it, and I’m totally sold on it. It really gets the creative juices flowing. In combination with a ruthless desire just to get a song written rather than right, you can get some pretty epic songs done or 90% of the way there in record time.

Here’s an example…

I mentioned Matt Blick (@realmattblick on Twitter – www.mattblick.com online) in an earlier post on songwriting. He runs a songwriting group that meets once a month. The only condition of attendance is you have to have written and prepared a new song for that group. The frequency means you can’t spend months agonizing over a song, but it also means you can run out of seedling ideas very quickly – or at least seedling ideas you hold in high regard.

So armed with the knowledge I acquired after my First Songwriting Lesson, I started to write a song that came 100% from this idea of writing down whatever came to mind – almost stream of consciousness style.

I’d recently been inspired by Jimi Hendrix’ Little Wing so I was experimenting with some similar and interesting chord structures, when the words ‘Contentment’ and ‘strolling’ popped into my head. I thought around these words for a while, and the FIRST thing that came to mind was this phrase ‘Contentment strolling hand-in-hand with ecstasy’. It makes no sense. But rather than search for something else, I ran with it.

While the phrase didn’t make sense in itself, it conjured up all sorts of neat little ideas. A song about emotions. Maybe the emotions were labels for real people that we see. Maybe the emotions weren’t real but imaginary. Maybe it was all in someone’s head. Maybe it was all of these things…I liked the possible ideas so I ran with it.

And within half an hour I had two verses 90% complete. Another half-hour yielded the final version lyrics with a chord structure. Another half hour gave me the final arrangement. Here are the lyrics:

‘Contentment strolling hand in hand with ecstasy
From across the street we see hope arm in arm with glee
From a vacant chair comfort calls to wish them well
But what could that mean who could tell

From the side resentment’s staring at them coldly
And malice, likewise, from his front door
Hidden in the back, deep depression lying still
But what lies on his mind who could tell

For it’s all in your mind’

My entire thought process was ‘seeded’ by and grew from that first line. The image I liked most strongly was people strolling down a high/main street holding hands, so I wanted to mirror that with other positive emotions arm-in-arm across the street. I thought comfort was an interesting emotion or state, and that an empty (or vacant!) chair was really intriguing imagery to capture that idea. At that stage I thought it might be interesting to draw attention to the strangeness of the song by asking the listener ‘what could that mean? meh, who could tell?’.

At that point I decided that as the first verse had been filled with positive emotions, it might be nice to have a second verse referring to negative emotions. And while I’m at it, lets have the negative emotions acting on the first – i.e. resentment of the happy ‘couples’, malice as well… and deep depression which is so self-focused it is ignorant of these tensions. And again, it leaves space for a beautiful re-use of that phrase ‘who could tell?’. I particularly like that we have depression lying still, but then the question has to be asked ‘what is lying on his mind?’.

What did I learn?

While this is a song about nothing in particular, and each line in isolation is total nonsense, together they create a world that makes sense in itself and is very intriguing to read or hear about. It is by far one of the best songs I’ve written both musically and lyrically. What I think is most remarkable about this song is that the focus is always the same and the song is very cohesive, but it isn’t immediately apparent what it’s about, which draws the listener in and makes them wonder ‘what could THAT mean?’. Whereas often when we write songs we want the meaning to be 100% clear.

Perhaps having clarity or a deeply thought out concept isn’t as necessary as we think it is, and as long as we ‘seed’ a song with an idea, no matter how nonsensical or abstract, we can create a song borne wholly out of that idea, but in a far more interesting way than could be achieved through careful planning.

I definitely plan to write more songs where I write songs that I have no idea what they are about, nonsense or not, and I would encourage you to do the same.

Songwriting: My First Lesson

Write more songs better, write better songs, and write songs faster

As a singer, musician and songwriter, I want to write better songs. I also want to write more songs, and write songs faster. So much so that it pains me when I can’t finish a song… because I’m still not happy with the way the verse goes, or how the melody goes at one point. And until I’ve got one bit just so I find it hard to move onto anything else. I just keep going round in circles trying to get one or two particular bits right.

Which should be fine right? If I want a good song, then every part has to be perfect? Wrong. This doesn’t have to be the case, as I learned … or was reminded of recently.

Better songwriting tip right here

Here’s why…

One of the most invaluable classes I had whilst at university was actually with an English professor. This professor who had been brought in to educate us how to communicate ideas better, and how to write anything well. And he gave me one of the best bits of advice I’d ever had up til then, and since then. And his advice was:

Don’t get it right, get it written

This phrase has served me well since then in other areas of my life, but has recently become a real mantra for me when approaching songwriting. Why?

Try this illustration on for size

I am fortunate enough to have a prolific and talented songwriting friend called Matt Blick. You can find his site at www.mattblick.com . Matt has been writing songs for years and has established himself as a renowned source on the internet for songwriting advice. He is active on Twitter (@realmattblick) and you can ask him almost any question, and he’ll get back to you on it. I learned a valuable lesson from him that helped me to write songs faster. Not only to write songs faster, but make them better, and write more of them too!
I met up with Matt recently and we had a good long chin-wag about songwriting and ideas in general. We then started working on a musical idea I’d had a while ago. Matt then struck out on how to build that into a song. He was remarkably driven about getting something finished, whilst being very relaxed about it all. come up with a theme, sections, and lyrics to accompany those sections. It’s not finished yet, but the constituent components of the song are laid out in our toolkit, ready to be worked on.

Shortly after, I met up with another friend – Chris Shepperson, you can follow him @ourhelicalmind – for some songwriting of a more instrumental nature. Between us we wanted to try creating some songs that involved two electric bass guitars. Where to begin? Well, I tried to adopt the approach Matt applied – don’t get it right, get it written. And you know what? In 2 hours of songwriting we’d managed to construct a 3-4 minute recording that was an actual song, and we managed to record the whole thing!

It isn’t perfect, but from a single seed of an idea, we had an intro and groove for the song. From that idea a first line of a verse appeared. A variation on that one idea became a second line. We then had an ‘A’ section from those variations- a verse. Another idea plus a variation became a ‘B’ section – a chorus. One more basic idea became a ‘C’ section – a bridge/improv section. From that we had the constituent elements of a piece. We arranged the song at the same time as writing based on what felt right, and it came out as:

Intro, A, A, B, A, B, B, C (x3), B, Outro (repetition of the intro)

So from just 2-3 ideas came a verse, a chorus and a bridge. From those parts, we can construct an arrangement of the song that is listenable and of an appropriate length. All in 2 hours.

Now, while this piece isn’t 100% finished or perfect, it is far far closer to a finished product than it ever would’ve been if I’d tried to make each small element of the song perfect before moving onto creating the next bit of it. I was amazed at how a little bit more drive to be LESS perfect enabled me to get me closer to writing a good song.

So what did I learn from all this?

I think this illustration makes it clear of the meaning behind the English professor’s advice. It’s far easier to work within some basic structure, even if you want to depart from it, than not to have that structure in the first place. So remember:

Don’t get it right, get it written.

Check out my other songwriting lessons:
My Second Lesson
My Third Lesson
My Fourth Lesson

Picking the right key

So, how many of you play guitar? Whether you play guitar or have ever seen a guitarist play, you will likely have come across something called a ‘capo’.

What this nifty gadget does is make it possible to shift songs from one key to another, without having to change what the fingers would be doing.

Why do we need something like this? Well, the guitar is built and tuned in such a way that some keys – like the keys of A, C, D, E and G – are really easy to play in. However, this means that all the OTHER keys in between those 5 – Ab, Bb, B, Db, Eb, F and Gb – are comparatively less easy. Not impossible, but they are undoubtedly more difficult, just because of the way the instrument is built. These notes and their related notes that fall in their scales/chords all fall either just above or just below where the pitch of the next string up starts. Put simply, this means that certain notes end up lying in difficult to reach places, or you can’t use a particular string you’d otherwise want to, or it just doesn’t seem to sound as good (to do with the resonance of certain notes and their placement on the guitar).

What’s this got to do with singing?

The exact same problems that plague guitarists also plague vocalists – but MOST singers don’t even know it’s an issue.

Really? How come?

The answer lies in the ‘bridges’ of the voice. I’ve talked before about ‘bridges’ in the voice. Bridges are just passages from one area of the voice to another.

At certain points in a singers range, the voice moves through a bridge or passageway (referred to as ‘passaggi’ or ‘passaggio’ in the old Italian) from one area to the next. You may well have encountered these in your voice and perceived these as ‘breaks’ or ‘disconnects’ in your voice (they’re not actually breaks, they are just difficult to cross without training).

It is ALWAYS easier to sing in between the bridges than it is to sing right on top of, or just either side of the bridges.

So what do I do to pick the right key for me?

OK, the short genuine answer is “it depends!”, but here is a general rule of thumb to follow.

1) Using a piano or guitar (or some other instrument), work out where the highest note of the song is.

2) Start by moving the key of the song so that the highest note you just identified is towards the top of your chest voice (women, your chest voice ends at A4; men, your chest voice ends at E4 – I’m omitting true basses and true altos because 99% of all men and women are tenors and sopranoes respectively). The top notes should feel comfortable. Move the key around there til it feels comfortable. Don’t skip this step.

NOTE: You may find the lowest notes in the songs with larger range requirements feel too low. Beyond further development of your chest voice (which is essential anyway!), you should note that without a functional mix to extend your range, this indicates that the song is too large in it’s range for your current vocal ability.

3) Work on making this sound full and like your speaking voice. Any disparity between your singing and speaking tonality will compromise the full extent of your tone that can be unlocked with training.

THIS is what makes a great singer. A great phrase is “half the range, double the quality”. The more you focus on quality, the less range truly matters. Great singers almost sound like their high notes are NOT that high. Why? Because they follow the above steps, and then, through training they follow the 4th step…

4) Take the key up ONE key, then repeat step 3. This step can be looped for many years to come. But the emphasis MUST be on the quality at each key change. If the quality ever diminishes at a key change, there is work to be done to develop and build quality into the voice.

Your number one objective as a singer is to SOUND GOOD!

So many think it’s to impress or riff or deliver an astounding performance. While these are not irrelevant objectives, if you make your number one priority to sound good, the extra stuff almost happens as a matter of course.

What this means is that if you have a song in a key that lands the melody you want to sing right on top of a bridge, or slightly either side of it, you will find it harder to sing than if it was somewhere between your bridges.

The crucial thing is to pick a key so that the melody fits as best it can around your bridges. Sure, it can be good practice to put a key right in the way of your bridges, but that is for practice – for performance you need to know where to put songs to get the best out of your voice.

Stevie Wonder – For Your Love

The last few weeks I’ve been listening to lots of Stevie Wonder – he is an absolute monster songwriter and vocalist. This one is particularly excellent. In particular, check out the epic key changes and effortless pure high notes towards the end. The man is unbelievable.

I should also point out that he is a long-time student and friend of Seth Riggs – if you want to know more about Seth and his contribution to the progression of vocal technique (trust me, it’s important!) then just click here.

Love it.

Rhyming + Songwriting

Stumbled upon this great clip today, had to share.

I felt the need to share because someone intuitively commented on this very idea in a songwriting workshop I went to. The presenter in this video discusses how choosing your words to rhyme or not rhyme, or to imperfectly rhyme, can really change or ‘subvert’ the mood of a song. Rhymes create predictability, and this can be a good thing, e.g. to help a listener engage with the song and make it feel familiar and comfortable. Or you might want to take the listener away from a comfortable place… all this can be done just with how you rhyme, and this video explains really clearly how that might work.